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Sections

Clinical Description of Pediatric Anxiety Disorders | Diagnostic Criteria | Epidemiology | Comorbidity | Etiology, Mechanisms, and Risk Factors | Prognosis | Evaluation | Treatment | Research Directions | References

Excerpt

The anxiety disorders, which emerge during childhood or adolescence (Beesdo et al. 2010;Beesdo-Baum and Knappe 2012), are the most common mental health conditions across the life span (Merikangas et al. 2010a). These disorders are highly responsive to pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) but are often underrecognized and undertreated. When left untreated, the anxiety disorders are associated with significant short- and long-term impairment (Ranøyen et al. 2018) and place children at high risk for subsequent mood disorders, substance use, disruptive behaviors, suicidal behavior, and educational underachievement (Asselmann et al. 2018). In this chapter, we highlight the features of “normal” anxiety and developmentally appropriate fears and worries, contrasted with the symptoms of an anxiety disorder, and discuss the management and treatment of these disorders.

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