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Excerpt
This chapter provides a brief overview of testing for substances of abuse in clinical settings and contexts, as part of the identification and diagnosis of substance use disorders (SUDs) or of monitoring the progress of or adherence to treatment for SUDs. More detailed information on testing can be found in clinical guidelines, such as those issued by the American Society of Addiction Medicine (American Society of Addiction Medicine 2017; Jarvis et al. 2017). Testing in forensic and workplace settings is considered elsewhere in this volume (see Chapter 51, “Forensic Addiction Psychiatry,” and Chapter 53, “Addiction in the Workplace”); testing in sports and athletic settings has been reviewed elsewhere (e.g., Thevis et al. 2016, 2019). This chapter is divided into two major sections: “General Principles” and “Specific Substances.” The section on general principles covers concepts and methods that apply to all types of substances, such as pharmacokinetic principles, biological matrices being tested, and testing (assay) methods and characteristics. The section on specific substances provides information relevant to each of the substances covered in this textbook, in the order presented in Part III.
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