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Chapter 45.Anxiety Disorders

Edited by:
    https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9781615373970.kb45

    Sections

    Epidemiology | Treatment-Seeking and Other Clinical Populations | Order of Onset | Neurobiological Connections Between Anxiety Disorders and SUDs | Diagnostic Considerations | Psychosocial Treatments | Co-Occurrence of SUDs in Specific Anxiety Disorders | Behavioral Addictions and Anxiety | Opioid Use Disorder and Anxiety | Conclusion | References

    Excerpt

    The relationship between substance use and anxiety disorders is complex, bidirectional, and multifaceted. As described in this chapter, epidemiological surveys as well as studies of treatment-seeking individuals indicate that anxiety disorders, symptoms of anxiety, and substance use disorders (SUDs) commonly co-occur. Anxiety disorders may be a risk factor for the development of an SUD. In many cases, anxiety symptoms emerge during the course of chronic intoxication and withdrawal from alcohol or drugs. Furthermore, substance use and SUDs modify the presentation and outcome of anxiety disorders, just as anxiety disorders modify the presentation and outcome of SUDs. The interplay of these variables is likely to differ among individual cases and between different anxiety disorders. In this chapter, the prevalence, etiological relationships, diagnostic considerations, and treatment options of co-occurring anxiety disorders and SUDs will be reviewed.

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