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Positive psychological interventions (PPIs), activities designed to promote positive outcomes via positive processes (Parks and Biswas-Diener 2013), have existed since the 1970s, starting with Fordyce’s classic research teaching individuals to “act like a happy person.” Consistent with Fordyce’s original happiness studies (Fordyce 1977, 1983), as well as Martin Seligman’s later call for research to improve the lives of individuals without disorder (“the other 80%”) in his American Psychological Association presidential address (Seligman 1999), activities targeting happiness have primarily been developed and tested in nonclinical samples. However, PPIs have the potential to enrich the lives of individuals struggling with a range of physical and mental health conditions. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the growing body of research on the clinical applications of PPIs with an emphasis on showing by example how these activities can, with care and consideration, be tailored to specific populations.
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